11 Facts You Should Know about Halloween

The U.S. is a society of consumers, and an economy based primarily on consumer spending, so its no surprise that Halloween is celebrated in  consumerist ways. Lets take a look at some interesting facts about Halloween consumption and consider what they mean from a sociological perspective. Fast Facts About Halloween 171 million Americans — more than half the entire national population — celebrated Halloween in 2016.Halloween is the nations third favorite holiday, but the second favorite for those between the ages of 18-34. It is  less popular with older folks, and more popular among women than men,  according to a 2011 Harris Interactive poll.Not just for kids,  Halloween is an important holiday for adults too. Nearly half the adult population will dress in costume for the occasion.Total U.S. spending for Halloween 2019 was expected to reach 8.8 billion dollars — a decade ago, that figure was just $4.8 billion.The average person will spend about $83 celebrating Halloween.About a third of all adults will throw or attend a Halloween party.One in five adults will visit a haunted house.Sixteen percent will dress their pets in costume.Costume choices among adults differ by age bracket. Among millennials, Batman characters take the number one spot, followed by a witch, anima l, Marvel or DC superhero, and vampire. The number one costume among older adults is a witch, followed by pirate, political costume, vampire, and then Batman character.Action and superhero characters are often the top choice for children, followed by princess, animal, Batman character, and Star Wars character.Pumpkin wins the top spot for pets, followed by hot dog, bumblebee, lion, Star Wars character, and devil. Halloweens Importance in American Culture So, what does all this mean, sociologically speaking? Halloween is clearly a very important holiday in the U.S. We can see this is not only the patterns in participation and spending  but in what people do to celebrate the holiday. Early sociologist Émile Durkheim observed that rituals are occasions upon which people in a culture or society come together to reaffirm their values, beliefs, and morals. By participating in rituals together, we activate and reaffirm our collective conscience — the sum of those beliefs and ideas we share in common,  that take on a life and force of their own due to their collective nature. In celebration of Halloween, those rituals include dressing in costume, trick-or-treating, throwing and attending costume parties, decorating homes,  and going to haunted houses. This raises the question of what values, beliefs, and morals are reaffirmed through our mass participation in these rituals. Halloween costumes in the U.S. have evolved away from the holidays social origins as taunts and mocking of death, and toward popular culture. Sure, witch is a popular costume for women, and zombies and vampires are also in the top ten, but the variations tend to lean more toward sexy than scary or evocative of death. So, it would be false to conclude that the rituals affirm the values and beliefs of Christianity and Paganism. They point instead to  the importance placed on having fun and being  sexy in our society. But, what also stands out is the consumerist nature of the holiday and the rituals. The primary thing we do to celebrate Halloween is buy stuff. Yes, we go out and get together and have fun, but none of that happens without first shopping and spending money — a collective 8.8 billion dollars. Halloween, like other consumerist holidays (Christmas, Valentines Day, Easter, Fathers Day and Mothers Day), is an occasion upon which we reaffirm the importance of consuming in order to fit in with the norms of society. Thinking back to Mikhail Bakhtins description of medieval Carnivale in Europe as a release valve for the tensions that arise in a highly stratified society, we could also surmise that Halloween serves a similar function in the U.S. today. Currently, economic inequality and poverty are at their greatest in the nations history. We are faced with an incessant onslaught of terrible news about global climate change, war, violence, discrimination and injustice,  and disease. In the midst of this, Halloween presents an attractive opportunity to take off our own identity, put on another, shake off our cares and concerns, and exist as someone else for an evening or two. Ironically, we may be further exacerbating the problems we face in the process, by perpetuating the hypersexualization of women and racism via costume, and  by handing our hard-earned money over to already wealthy corporations that exploit laborers and the environment to bring all the Halloween goods to us. But we sure have fun doing it.

Article Analysis of The Evolution of Slavery in Colonial...

The Evolution of Slavery In the essay The Evolution of Slavery in Colonial America, author Jon Butler examines the growth of the slave practice in the land which would become the United States. As the European nations began exploring North America, they overtook the native populations of the areas and turned them into unpaid laborers. However, these people were not enough to supply landholders with sufficient aid. To make up the necessary numbers, plantation owners utilized indentured servants and then a number of slaves imported from Africa. Indentured servants were people who would be taken from the Old World to the New in order to start a new life. However, since they would not have the necessary funds to pay for their transportation, their journey would be funded by either a manufacturer or a plantation owner and their debt would be paid off by working for their benefactor. Slaves were not given this opportunity. These were people who were taken from their homes and families and forced into labor by threat of violence or death. This practice did not begin in the United States, but America was still allowing slavery well into the 19th century, long after other nations had come to the conclusion that slavery was inhumane and brutal. In his article, Butler points to the first expansion of slavery into the British colonies during the 1700s. Before that time, the number of slaves in British colonies was actually very limited. He argues that the reason for thisShow MoreRelatedWhite Servitude and the Growth of Black Slavery in Colonial America987 Words   |  4 PagesJournal Article Review White Servitude and the Growth of Black Slavery in Colonial America Dr. West History 7A Martin Valdez January 24, 2011 From â€Å"The Journal of Economical History†, Vol. 41, No. 1, author David W. Galenson provides a nine-page article published in March 1981 entitled â€Å"White Servitude and the Growth of Black Slavery† which I thoroughly read and will present my own analysis. In a unique approach author David Galenson examines the transition of servants to slavesRead MoreEssay on Africans in Colonial Mexico5451 Words   |  22 PagesAfricans in Colonial Mexico The history of Africans in Mexico is an oft-neglected facet of the cultural complexities of that country. In 1519, Hernando Cortes brought 6 African slaves with him to Mexico; these individuals served the conquest as personal servants, carriers, and laborers.[1] In the years to come, slavery would become a critical component of the colonial economy with approximately 2,000 slaves arriving each year 1580-1650; it is estimated that a total of 200,000 Africans wereRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 PagesChapter 2 Study Guide Questions â€Å"The Planting of English America† 1. Discuss English treatment of the Irish and its consequence (10pts) 2. What lessons do you think English colonists learned from their early Jamestown experience? Focus on matters of fulfilling expectations, financial support, leadership skills, and relations with the Indians. What specific developments illustrate that the English living in the plantation colonies tried to apply these lessons? (25 pts) 2. Compare and contrastRead MoreRace in America2248 Words   |  9 Pages When Europeans arrived in the America, they encountered people whom they had never before seen. The natives were viewed as savage and uncivilized, regardless of their well-established culture and presence. As the colonies formed and Africans began their slave-bound voyages to America, many colonists perceived them as inferior. Eurocentrism allowed for a foundation on which the race concept was built and flourished. As research shows, there is only one species of human beings, Homo sapiens. Read MoreDominican Republic and Haiti Share and Island, History, and Culture2870 Words   |  12 Pagesinfluence the present-day relationship between both nations and how it is depicted by the media in the Dominican Republic. The relationship between the Dominican Republic and Haiti is defined by Anti-Haitianismo, â€Å"an ideology legacy of racist Spanish colonial mentality, nineteenth-century racial theories and twentieth-century cultural neoracism into a web of anti-Haitian attitudes, racial stereotypes, and historical distortions† (Tavernier, 8). Anti-Haitianismo is not only directed towards Haitian migrantsRead MoreModern Democracy Essay2092 Words   |  9 Pagestimes have demonstrated that the evolution of democracy coincides with the evolution of humanity. This parallel growth is due to the fact that democracy is inherently malleable, which allows it to be altered to best serve the needs of the people. A level of guaranteed individual freedom which was not necessary in antiquity is now required by humanity because of changes in progressive social views, technology, and the division of labor. For example, the abolition of slavery has had a measurable affectRead More Promoting and Protecting Minority Rights Essay2310 Words   |  10 Pagesregarding the minority group’s rights is the institution of slavery. In the beginning of the United States government, slavery was simply referred to as a â€Å"price of a union† by some northerners. There was barely even a question to abolish slavery completely from the states already allowing them legally. This was to avoid the possibility of strife with the potential to split up the union. The majority didn’t favor the complete abolishment of slavery in all states. This was due to the known economic backlashRead MoreThe Great Writ of Liberty1762 Words   |  8 Pagesmembers have cordially interpreted cases of questionable detention and the legality of doing so. It is truly unfortunate when individuals are tossed into confinement illegally with no help and/or the promise of their restorative freedoms (ACLU, 2014). Evolution of Habeas Corpus Habeas Corpus or the â€Å"Great Writ† is widely considered to the preemptive cornerstone our human civil liberties within the United States jurisdiction as it is deeply rooted within common laws of social ordinance. Habeas corpus wasRead MorePatriotism and People Who Commit Acts of Civil Disobedience Essay2107 Words   |  9 Pagesfree nation of rights. Definition of Civil Disobedience Taking the two components of the term separately, ‘civil’ refers to matters involving the populace or citizens while ‘disobedience’ refers to breaches of the law (Brownlee). This brief analysis hardly does the term justice, however, for its political, individual, and social implications. The political philosopher John Rawls defined it as â€Å"a public, non-violent and conscientious breach of law undertaken with the aim of bringing about a changeRead MoreAmerican Dream Essay3358 Words   |  14 PagesTHE AMERICAN DREAM THE AMERICAN DREAM Section #1 a. The impact cultures in North America have on the United States is that each region adapted the traditions and/or beliefs of those who settled in that area by maintaining dance, music, and crafts. Many English settlers did not respect the Native American cultures, and were seen as uncivilized and/or savages. Basically there was a clash of cultures, with new ideas pushing away old ways and mayor cultures oppressing others. b. Immigration

Chechnya A War That Can free essay sample

Chechenia: A War That Can # 8217 ; t Be Essay, Research Paper Chechenia: A War that can t be won. History of the independent Chechnya continues on as a bloodsheding struggle that merely can t look to stop. In the summer of 1991, the universe learned that some slackly defined portion of the Checheno-Ingushetia had seceded from RSFSR and the USSR and proclaimed itself an independent province called the Chechen Republic. During the following 10 following old ages the state of affairs in the democracy remained complicated and tense. A 1994-96 war between Russia and Chechnya proved to be lay waste toing to the democracies societal, economical and political construction. Though basking it s de facto independency the democracy was overrun by warlords and their packs that divided the land in between themselves and fought with each other for power. A snatch trade proved to be honoring as many members of human-centered organisations and other aliens were abducted for ransom. We will write a custom essay sample on Chechnya A War That Can or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The authorities of Aslan Maskhadov, the freshly elected president, was either involved in the condemnable activities itself or was unable to make anything about it. In August 1999, Chechen combatants led by outstanding field commanding officers Shamil Basayev and Jordanian born Khattab crossed into neighbouring Dagestan in order to make an a Muslim province. Repelled by the Russian Armed Forces, the Rebels retreated back in to Chechnya and waited for a Russian invasion that shortly followed. The Russian Federation sent in military personnels in order to penalize the Chechens for a dare assault and besides to destruct the bases of international terrorists that turned the district of Chechnya into safe oasis for felons and kidnapers. The run was labeled as counter terrorist operation and had the support of the bulk of the Russian populace. It was besides a political move by a freshly appointed president, Vladimir Putin, to derive support for his presidential run. With it s military high quality, Russia captured most of Chechnya once more, puting up pro-Moscow authoritiess in local towns and small towns, but the Rebels continue their battle with lo w strength conflicts and riddance s of Chechen functionaries that are loyal to Moscow s government. Today, the brigands are utilizing the tactics of corruption warfare, puting ambuscades on the paths of military convoys and utilizing mines and other explosive devices. The Rebels have a wealth of experience in such operations, because foreign specializers and teachers have trained them. There were two developing cantonments in Chechnya: in Serzhen Yurt and Urus Martan. Fifteen dozenss of explosives were prepared at that place, and five dozenss of this sum was used. Chechnya is non merely a hot topographic point on the map of Russia ; it is an epicentre of international terrorist act and Islamic extremism in the state. It should be remembered that the Chechen war is financed from different including foreign, beginnings, which supply the Rebels non merely with money, but besides with arms and soldier of fortunes. The money is used for enrolling new members, for infiltrating power constructions, and for a elaborate survey and analysis of the military-geographic, socio-political and eco nomical state of affairss in the CIS states with the intent of be aftering subsequent enlargement, including military. The terrorists are besides utilizing internal resources for keeping their combat ability. Known foreign aid comes from the states of Middle East, Baltic States, Poland and Britain. In current winter conditions, despite the snow, the base on ballss are still negotiable and the combatants continue efforts to make the Russo-Georgian boundary line across the Chechen stretch. The debut of the visa government in dealingss with Geor Armed Islamic Group is assisting stabilise the state of affairs on the boundary line of the two states. A peaceable life in war-worn democracy can non be full filled without the aid of local occupants, who have grown sick of eternal wars. The society of Chechnya is split into two cantonments, kins that want peace are largely in the Beloi and Alleroi small towns, which prohibited it s immature people to fall in the illegal armed formations, and soldier of fortunes and local so called warlords to whom war means net income. For illustration, if non for the aid of local well-respected seniors, the federal forces would hold non entered Achkhoi-Martan, northern districts and Chechnyan s 2nd biggest metropolis Gudermes, without a individual shooting. In 1996, the Chechen Rebels answered Russian efforts to sideline them in the mountains with blitz foraies against metropoliss in neighbouring Dagestan and Russia itself. The guerilla subsequently managed to take back parts of their capital Grozny, and Moscow, recognizing the high political and economic costs of keeping on to Chechnya, merely withdrew. To avoid the repetition of those unfortunate 1996 events, federal forces will hold to guard against Chechen motion through the democracy a effort impossible without inhibitory actions against all civilian population. Russian soldiers invariably detain Chechen work forces of contending age into so called filtration cantonments, which are said to be known for awful life conditions, anguish and executings during 1994-96 war. Moscow plans to permanently station 15,000 military personnels in the democracy after the war ends. Currently Russia has approximately 90,000 military personnels in the part, harmonizing to Kremlin s spokesman, Sergei Yastrezembski. Prosecuting the Chechen combatants in the mountains could turn out every bit hard. The terrain makes the usage of heavy weapon and armour about impossible, taking the chief advantage Russia has against a skilled guerilla force of lightly armed Rebels. If the Russian military wants to prosecute the Rebels on pes, it will hold to perpetrate a significant figure of forces and be prepared to digest high casualties. In the nineteenth century, Russian run against modern-day North Caucasus Rebel Imam Shamil some 500,000 military personnels were needed to set down a twenty-year rebellion. The technological progress the Russians enjoy over the Rebels today removes the demand for so many military personnels, but some of the advantages will be lost in the mountains. In an indicant that the armed forces may direct a force into the mountains, Moscow is directing a 3,500 paratrooper elect regiment trained in close combat and endurance accomplishments to the cragged part. Besides trade name new sop histicated assault choppers KA-50 Black Shark, and KA-52 Alligator are to see action against the combatants, but as NATO learned in Kosovo, even the most sophisticated engineerings are comparatively impotent against a skilled enemy. Whether Moscow likes or non, merely a political understanding between the two sides will convey this current struggle to an terminal. Russia argues that all the field commanding officers must give up and confront the charges of mutiny, engagement in illegal armed formations and war offenses against their people before it will get down any sort of dialogues. But ironically, they say that there is no 1 in Chechnya that hasn Ts covered themselves in blood whom they can keep negotiations with and with that determination Moscow is in for a long period of low strength combat. With the casualties lifting every twenty-four hours, it s a affair of clip before the public sentiment and the female parents of dead military mans will coerce the current leading of the Kremlin to come to a some sort of political understanding with the rebellious democracies leading.

Comparison between the two movies free essay sample

The two movies of Romeo Juliet made according to the play of Shakespeare are very, very different from one another. Although some similarities occur but both are very different. The old one, released In 1968 by sufferable Is pretty long and follows the whole drama properly through out the movie. On the other hand the new one released in 1 996 by Alular is much quicker, lines are cut and more action is placed into It. I think this Is the case because the newer one Is made for the modern audience and teenagers Like us, who of course, dont Like long speeches cause we dont have much patience.Now lets get little specific here. Take for example the scene where the letter gets lost near the end of the movie, over here both the movies focus on the part that Romeo never gets the letter by showing us that he misses it by a nick of time. In the movie directed by Alular, Romeo misses the letter by Blathers (one of his servants he comes and gives Romeo the news that Juliet Is dead the fact that he has seen her in her tomb with his own naked eyes. Then Romeo is shown leaving in Balusters car, whereas the letterman remains unable to deliver the letter from the priest.In the old one the same technique is applied but its more into old style, that horses are used instead of cars. Not much music, action music or sad. So by this example we can see that the newer version is much quicker, more action and good. Therefore the newer one is better. Another solid example would be the death scene In both of the movie. In the old one, the death scene Is showed pretty long, It follows the book completely Its not much interesting to see, we need a lot of patience to watch It.First Romeo enters the tomb here Juliet Lies unconscious, he sees Juliet dead, then gives a really long speech and kills himself, and then the priest comes up and sees this event and by then Juliet Is directed to get up. Then Juliet gets up and sees Romeo dead, she refuses to go with him (the priest) and a speech is given then they show Juliet kill herself by suicide with the help of a dagger. This scene isnt that interesting in here, also it is very long. Whereas in the newer version by Alular, this is constructed and directed very differently. Lines are cut in the play, and the scene is very suspenseful.While Romeo is loving Juliet and kissing her. Her hands are moving and shes waking up! It is pretty suspenseful especially if you havent read the Romeo drama before you hardly can have a bit of clue of what will happen next. Is Juliet going to wake up, are they going live happily ever after or are they both going die! Also in both movies, equipment Is used differently. In Sufferable, horses and dagger are shown unlike In Alular cars and guns are more popular. Newer one seems more interesting to watch. And thats the one I enjoyed watching the most.

Democracy in Canada

sound of silence essays

sound of silence essays "The Sound of Silence"A Formalist Criticism I have chosen to analyze the 1664 hit by Paul Simon, The Sound of Silence. This song is filled with symbolism and can be interpreted in many different ways. I believe that it is a commentary on the way that people fail to communicate and understand each other, not only between cultures, and not only words, but emotions as well. The song begins with the words Hello darkness, my old friend/Ive come to talk with you again. I feel that this is an indicator that the author is in a dark place, talking to, basically, nobody. I think that use of the word again is indication that going to a dark place and talking about his concerns is something that the singer does frequently, when he needs to get something off his chest. The song continues, Because a vision softly creeping/Left its seeds while I was sleeping/And the vision that was planted in my brain/Still remains/Within the sound of silence. I believe that in this, the singer is saying that this is a realization that came to him in a dream. I think that even though the realization came to him in a dream, it is very valid, and has caused the singer so much mental and emotional distress that he has come to talk it out in the darkness. The next stanza describes the dream that the singer had: In restless dreams I walked alone/Narrow streets of cobblestone/Neath the halo of a street lamp/I turn my collar to the cold and damp/When my eyes were stabbed by the flash of a neon light/That split the night/And touched the sound of silence. I think that in this stanza, the singer is setting the mood for the coming realization. He is walking down a street, when suddenly there is a bright flash of light. I feel that it is significant that the singer says that the light touched the sound of silence. I think that throughout the song, the phrase ...

Implementation of Integrated Performance Management Essay

Implementation of Integrated Performance Management - Essay Example TQM has a preventive approach and not a detective approach to work (Walton, 1986). It is a proactive system and not a passive one and stresses on removing the defect rather than just locating it. Deming (1986) and Walton (1986) both state that the detective systems have serious disadvantages. Firstly these are results and as such cannot help in correction of past errors. Secondly, the greater loss is that due to errors the customer will be dissatisfied. Thirdly the direct cost of defect detection and later correction or replacement is doubled. Fourthly the human cost by way of fear of performance and loss of pride in workmanship is the greatest of all (Walton 1986). All this can be avoided by following TQM process by not allowing a defective product or service to be sent from production lines. Obviously prevention is better than cure. Performance management should be understood as a tool for measuring corporate objectives and is calculable in tangible form in terms of outputs and finally deliverables to customers. The ultimate goal is to deliver total quality and 100 percent value to the end customer. (Zairi 1994) and this is the standard or benchmark of acceptable performance management that describes the optimum use of all resources. Zairi (1996) goes on to state that product life cycles are getting shorter making it imperative for organisations to turn to innovations with greater speed to remain effective in their markets. Decision making thus becomes dependant on quality assurance systems that provide the required information for these judgments. Performance management is therefore essential to evaluate the quality and to ensure acceptability by customers. According to Zairi and Youssef (1998) in the global context today competition cannot be met with cost efficiency alone. Quality plays an equally important role in assessing competitiveness. Quality is a function of (TQM) and

Who were the anasazi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Who were the anasazi - Essay Example This ancient Pueblo civilization remains mysterious. Their economic activity was farming, gathering and hunting, especially during famine occasioned by drought and cold weather. The Anasazi people sheltered in clay made pueblos. The pueblos mostly housed many families at a time as expanding an existent pueblo was more convenient compared to erecting a new one. They spoke different languages, including Tiwa, Tewa, Zuni, Keresan, and Hopi. They adorned clothing woven expansive frame looms and always made bracelets, earrings, necklaces, wood, turquoise and armbands. Their footwear included Moccasins, snowshoes and sandals (Hillerman pp25-27). Their religion was based on the belief in the significance of nature and its harmony with the universe. Vital religious practices involved observing the moon, stars, and sun. The Anasazi performed rituals and prayers to appreciate successful harvest and hunting. Clan classification was determined by female bloodline. Conventionally, Pueblo societies were matriclocal and matrilineal. They appreciated unity and rarely went into

Public Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Public Health - Essay Example Its objective is to offer conditions in which citizens can be fit and its focal point is one the complete populations (Chin, 2000). Therefore, public wellbeing is concerned with the whole organization and not only the abolition of particular illnesses. Mission: the task of the public wellbeing scheme comprises its objective at every point in moments and how, at the theoretical stage, these goals are prepared. At the start of the 21st era, the duty of community wellbeing is to guarantee situations that populaces can be fit. This task is conceptualized as being approved via the recital of the core purposes of evaluation, policy growth, and the declaration (Rugglero, 2007). The functions have come to symbolize the universal conducts in which civic wellbeing difficulties are known and tackled via planned, communal labors. Structure: the structural ability of the public welfare organization is the increasing capital and relations essential to take the vital processes of community fitness. Structural capacity comprises of the following basics: organizational resources, information resources, fiscal, human and physical resources. Process: the practice of community fitness can be considered in terms of primary processes via which practitioners look for to identify, prioritize, and address society heath difficulties. Also, it seeks to recognize resources and productivity of the basic operations, policies, public health involvements, services, programs, and regulations. The means of general fitness are those that recognize and tackle health difficulties. In addition, the methods also identify and attend to agendas and services reliable to community priorities and mandates (Chin, 2000). Outcome: an organization’s outcomes are the immediate and lasting change knowledgeable by communities, families, providers, inhabitants and individuals. It is also the cumulative consequence of the contact of the communal wellbeing system’s process and structural capacity given

Stimulate Recall of prior learning

Stimulate Recall of prior learning Introduction: This paper seeks to discuss how some of the key instructional design concepts behind Second Life can be employed to refine the learning strategy within SI. Specifically, the key attributes in Second life that are of interest include (a) the use of Virtual space as the interface for interactive learning, (b) how the virtual space can be leverage to incentivize learning and (c) how Robert Gagnes nine events of instruction can be applied in the design of a virtual learning environment. This paper will discuss how these principles can be infused into the existing e-Learning platform in SI, called My Learning Space (MLS), the intent is not to replace MLS with Second Life but rather to introduce the learning attributes in second life that will further enhance existing design. Current Situation Learning in the 3G SAF Space: 2. As the SAF continues to develop itself into a technological advanced and sophisticated force, it is clear that the SAF will realize an increase of military hardware and software that will fuel this transformation effort. Underpinning these technological transformation, is the need for our service personnel to be better trained to operate these systems. The challenge to train and prepare the 3G SAF is not a trivial affair because of the following reasons: a. Because of the various technologies and combat systems that are procured, trainees would have to learn new skills and competencies to handle such equipment. Progressively, these systems are also becoming more complex over time. b. There is shorter time to train, mainly because of the reduction in NSF training time from 2.5 to 2 years and NS duration from 13 to 10 years. c. The learning preferences of the Net-Gen learners will increasingly pose new challenges because of their training expectations given what they have been exposed and more accustomed within their schools prior to enlistment and home (smart school and a pervasive network environment). However, the potential of the Net-Gen learners should also be seen as a leverage for learning in the 3G SAF space. Impetus for development in the Future 3. Development Potential of Second Life. Second life as a virtual world offers the flexibility that is ideal for creating instructional tools, such as games, problem based learning environments, simulation activities, and distance learning settings. Second Life is an open-ended environment in which players themselves design the world, its objects and their behaviors. Incorporating sophisticated three-dimensional modeling tools and a powerful scripting language, the game invites players to freely unleash their imaginations  [1]  . Users, through their representations in the space, called avatars, move around and interact with one another in Second Life. Users also can create buildings and materials in Second Life. Therefore, challenges and problem solving tasks can be created. 4. Limitations of Current Knowledge Portal. MLS is an in-house developed learning portal that provides a common user interface for trainees to gain access to a suite of training services and tools. From the digital training program, trainees can view a library of training videos and digital training manual that are relevant to their course. While these modules may be useful in many ways, it is still lacking and limited in scope to enable deeper learning because of the following reasons: a. It is typically structured as a knowledge repository. b. Does not facilitate implementation of cognitive strategy. c. Conventional motivational schemes are hard to implement . d. Hence, it becomes more a training media Consideration for Learning in the Virtual World 5. The Key considerations for learning in the virtual environment are as follows: a. Pros: Net Generation learners are very comfortable operating in this space (facebook, youtube, chat, etc)  [2]  . Relatively easier to create motivation to learn, collaboration and experiential learning opportunities that may not be readily available in the real world. No limit to the use of space. Elaboration of the Nine instructional Events Modeling after Robert Gagnes nine events of instruction, the proposed MLS Ver 2.0 would incorporate the nine design attributes based on the information processing model of the mental events that occur when adults are presented with various stimuli. This is summarized in the table as follows: Instructional Event Internal Mental Process 1. Gain attention Stimuli activates receptors 2. Inform learners of objectives Creates level of expectation for learning 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning Retrieval and activation of short-term memory 4. Present the content Selective perception of content 5. Provide learning guidance Semantic encoding for storage long-term memory 6. Elicit performance (practice) Responds to questions to enhance encoding and verification 7. Provide feedback Reinforcement and assessment of correct performance 8. Assess performance Retrieval and reinforcement of content as final evaluation 9. Enhance retention and transfer to the job Retrieval and generalization of learned skill to new situation a. Gain attention in Hi-Res 3D Virtual World Learning Environment (VWLE) In order for any learning to take place, you must first capture the attention of the student. To this end, MLS 2.0 would be designed as a virtual replica of SI. The 3D interface accompanied by sound effects or music startles the senses with auditory or visual stimuli. From here, trainees can navigator and explore the various rooms within the building. Each room constitutes a new learning domain or subject and are only accessible based on the intended sequence of learning. Trainees can only access other rooms of higher learning only if they have attained the required standards. b. Inform learners of objectives Early in each lesson students would be given a list of learning objectives. This initiates the internal process of expectancy and helps motivate the learner to complete the lesson. These objectives form the basis for assessment, and structured based on Magers model of Performance, condition and Criterion. Beyond these stated objectives, trainees would be asked to identify 3 other personal objectives that he/she would like to achieve by the end of the course. Trainees will have a real time view of their progress in the attainment of these objectives so that they can chart their own learning progress. This makes learning relevant to the trainees. Stimulate recall of prior learning Associating new information with prior knowledge can facilitate the learning process. It is easier for learners to encode and store information in long-term memory when there are links to personal experience and knowledge. To stimulate this, every learning module would start by asking questions about previous experiences, an understanding of previous concepts, or a body of content. To ensure that the pre-requisite modules are covered in the correct sequence, the module would reiterate the essential modules and will also highlight those that have been left out before allow trainees to proceed further. d. Present the content This event of instruction is where the new content is actually presented to the learner. To appeal to different learning modalities, a variety of media would be used. These include text, graphics, audio narration, and training videos. The training videos are organized in a youtube fashion and related videos are grouped in a coherent order. To extend the scope of learning, other related videos that are relevant to the topic would also be suggested and made for easy access. These training videos are deliberately kept short to maintain the attention span of the trainees. e. Provide learning guidance To help learners encode information for long-term storage, additional guidance in the form of a learning map will be provided along with the presentation of new content. Guidance strategies include the use of examples, non-examples, case studies, graphical representations, mnemonics, and analogies. This learning map serves to provide the higher level overview and also memory aid to help retain the knowledge gained. f. Elicit performance (practice) Eliciting performance provides an opportunity for learners to confirm their correct understanding, and the repetition further increases the likelihood of retention. To achieve this outcome, the use of MLS is coupled with the other aspects of a blended learning approach. Building upon the knowledge acquired in these learning module, the trainees would be asked to perform simple task (e.g. practical hands-on to set up an equipment), and short quizzes. g. Provide feedback As learners practice new behavior it is important to provide specific and immediate feedback of their performance. To achieve this, the on-line learning quizzes would provide scores as a proxy towards the overall course performance. Besides the instantaneous feedback, the scores serve to reflect the Top 3 scorers across the cohort. h. Assess performance Upon completing instructional modules, all trainees would be subjected to an-of-module test. This may come in the form of a paper quiz taken on-line or a practical exam depending on the nature of the skills requirement. On top of this, the real-time accrual of the individual scores helps to elicit the weaker performances from the better performances. This allows instructors to scope their lesson and customize them to meet individual trainees deficiency. i. Enhance retention and transfer to the job To help in the retention of knowledge, a daily electronic journal is maintained by each trainee. This seeks to help trainee recap what they have gain over the course of their training. To aid in the effective retention, a mind-map will be drawn by the trainees at the end of each module. This pictorial representation would be shared across the groups to help in the indexing of knowledge. Longer Term Implementation Approach 7. MLS cannot be used in isolation, it has to be organized with existing didactic approach of learning to form a blended methodology. This Blended learning gives learners and instructors an environment to learn and teach more effectively. Learners can select the best activities to suit their own pace, learning style and level, as well as time and place. Learners can be more independent and self-reliant in their own learning. They can also be more able to take decisions, think creatively and critically, investigate and explore as well as solve problems they face in learning and real life. Meanwhile, instructors can be facilitators, supervisors, assessors, organizers and managers of learning activities, and so should be creative and able to support learners and provide various learning materials in different formats. In SI, the blended approach we adopt is captured in the diagram below: Lectures Face-to-Face Discussion Field Experience MLS VWLE Reflection Log Projects Mandated Reading Online Quiz and Exercises Conclusion 8. Adopting the learning object in Second Life to create a virtual world learning environment (VWLE) applied in a blended learning environment is a new pedagogy the SAF hopes to leverage upon to meet the training needs of the 3G SAF soldiers.

The Spanish-American War :: American History Essays Spain Papers

Throughout history, there have been many wars that have been caused by many different reasons. Also, the effects of the wars may greatly impact, good or bad, either side of the fight. One great war in history of the United States was the Spanish-American War of 1898. The Spanish-American War was caused by many things. The war has left a lasting effect of both countries involved, the United States and Spain. Both Spain and the United States were greatly impacted by the war. The Spanish-American War was not started by one thing in particular. It was because of a large amount of reasons that built up until it erupted in war. It started with the explosion of the USS Maine. When Spain sent in General â€Å"Butcher† Weyler to stabilize the situation in Cuba, he put the majority of the population into concentration camps. The US sent the Maine to protect its investments there. The USS Maine was on a â€Å"friendly† mission to wait and rescue any US citizens that may be hurt in the conflict. At 4:40 pm on February 15, 1898, the Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor. The source of the explosion was not known. Some thought that it may have been from a Spanish mine. Others thought there may have been a spy on board the ship sent to destroy it. Even though the United States said it might have been an accident on board, the US citizens were sent into a frenzy by â€Å"yellow journalism† that was published by men like Pulitzer and Hearst. The information posted by these yellow journalist increased the anti-Spanish feelings and made more and more people favor war. Also, when Congress passed the Fifty Million Dollar bill, which gave the president 50 million dollars to prepare for a war before it is declared, it made people more and more ready for a war and it also made them support it. Many countries in Europe tried to intervene in the situation without actually getting involved into the conflict. Most of Europe expressed sympathy for Spain and tried to talk to the US, but they would not support Spain in the conflict or in the event of a war. Also, Great Britain supported the United States all through the war and gave them advice. The two countries became uneasy as they both began to prepare their army and navy for a war in the sea and on land.

Business Resources

P1- describe the recruitment documentation used in a selected organisation. P2- describe the main employability, personal and communication skills required when applying for a specific job role. P3-describe the main physical and technological resources required in the operation of a selected organisation. M1-explain how the management of human, physical and technological resources can improve performance of a selected organisation.M2- assess the importance of employability and personal skills in the recruitment and retention of staff in a selected organisation D1- Evaluate how managing resources and controlling budget cost can improve the performance of a business. I have been asked to talk about the different types of recruitment documents you receive when you start a new job. Employees are often regarded as the most important part of a business because without them the firm would be unable to produce its goods or offer its service, it would cease to exist.Employees are human resour ces and need to be treated and managed in a certain way. With the work place ever changing, both employers and employees need to adapt quickly to keep up. This starts at the recruitment stage, with employers choosing staff with the desired skills. They can then give you staff training to enhance their skills, helping both the business and employee to improve. P1- describe the recruitment documentation used in a selected organisation. There are varies types of different recruitment documents you are given whenyou first apply for a job and are starting to apply for the job. Such as an application form, personal speciation and job description. I am going to be describing all of these recruitment documentations. The first thing you will receive when applying for a job is an application form. An application form is a form for employment, it’s a form for individuals seeking employment, and it must be filled out as part of the process of informing an employer of the applicant availa bility and desire to be employed.Depending on the organisation and job you are applying for the application form could be web based or paper based. An Application form contains personal information that the organisation/business need know about the individual applying the job e. g. name, gender, age etc. Application forms are used the employers are able to control the information they receive of the applicants for the job, it also help the employers are able to filter the application forms down to the people who have the required skills for the job.Depending on the job you are applying for certain questions can be designed to be answered in a certain way and if you don’t answer the question correctly you could be filtered in to the rejection pile. If you are successful enough to get the job you will be given a personal specification which is a form that contains the skills that the candidate must have in order to complete the tasks of a position offered by a company. A person specification can outline the educational requirements, training experience as well as more personal qualifications that a candidate must possess in order to get the job.A job description could be then given to you. A job description is form which you receive when you have got the job, and it contains a description of the employee’s roles, what is required of them to do within the job and how they are meant to do it and their personal contribution. The first stages of looking for job it looking at jobs that you are interested in on the internet on job search websites, when you find job you are interested in, the first thing you will do is apply. By using an application form.An application form is a form which can be completed on paper or online depending on the types of job and the company that you are looking at employing you. Usually they are completed on paper so the company refer to them during the process of getting the job. Application forms are used by companies to he lp them in the recruitment and selection process whether you have searched an online agency such as total jobs, responded to an advertisement in the local paper or approached an employer independently it is likely that they will ask you to complete an application form, if you wish to be considered for the vacancy.If you are successful enough to get the job then you will be given a job description and personal speciation. P2- describe the main employability, personal and communication skills required when applying for a specific job role. I am going to be describing the main employability, personal and communication skills required when applying for a job as a Physical education teacher. There are many employability skills that are required when applying for a job a physical education teacher such as, you have to have been on a relevant CPD training course, have an Honours degree in physical education.Also you will need to have a Dfe recognised qualified teacher status. There are man y personal skills that are required when becoming a teacher especially becoming a Physical education teacher. These are: Excellent communication skills: aural, oral and written. Efficient and effective organisation. An understanding of current educational issues. The ability and willingness to teach PE to any age’s group including GCSE PE, BTEC Sport at level 2 and 3. The ability to teacher in other subject areas A working knowledge of ICT in their PE teaching. A commitment to extracurricular activities.Develop gifted and talented students. Communication skills are very important in the job role of a PE teacher, as the teacher need to explain activities to the students A Physical education teacher cannot be afraid to speak in front of the students. Directing physical activity is an essential part of physical education. Communicating the rules of the physical activity chosen that school day. Communications skills in a classroom setting is important since many P. E. teachers in struct students in health and wellness classes such as nutrition and biology.P3-describe the main physical and technological resources required in the operation of a selected organisation. A business needs space and facilities to work from. This will varies from business to business, with some business needing just a small office room and others needing large buildings. Building are no longer a place of production they are part of the company’s images representing the company’s ethos and culture. All business use materials in their day to day running though the amount and type vary. For example a painter and decorator needs paint, brushes and transport.The material used in a business can range from large sheets of metal used for packaging. Equipment is vital if an organisation is to operate effectively. For example if a ICT company didn’t have computers in their offices they wouldn’t be able to run the business. Computers have become increasingly importan t as companies move much of their day to day like running onto ICT systems. Computers now from the core of offices around the work as we use them to complete nearly all our daily tasks. The use of ICT has enables businesses to increase their customer’s base and improve efficiency.In order to keep the business running smoothly, businesses need to maintain and refurbish their equipment. Companies should run regular fire drills to make sure everyone is aware of what the procedure is in the event of a fire. This became the law as part of the Health and safety act 1974 which states that organisations must have provisions in place in case of an emergency. Technological resources are not just computers, they include intellectual property, accumulated experience and skills, software licence and patents and copyright, these are often indivisible and hard to place a value on.

These Are The Best Jobs for High School Dropouts

These Are The Best Jobs for High School Dropouts Not every job listing calls for a college degree, but a vast majority of them do call for a high school diploma. If you don’t have that, it can feel like every job listing is out of your reach. Don’t despair! You have options, even if a diploma or GED isn’t in your near future. It’s all about the strategy, and we’re going to give you strategies you can use to find your opportunities, and some of the best jobs available even without a high school diploma. You can always sign up to receive the jobs that match your skills and goals right here on TheJobNetwork. First, the prep work. Here are three things you should do as you get started on your job search.Come up with a plan. Just because you don’t have a diploma doesn’t mean you have to limit your professional goals. What do you like to do? What skills do you already have? What would you like to be doing in 10 years?Build your skills. Based on what you want to do, what skills will you nee d to a) get in the door; and b) succeed in that field and nab future opportunities? Try taking an online class to improve your software skills, or learn basic computer skills like coding. Your skills can be your best asset in a job hunt, so it’s important to put as much care and effort into building them as you can.Trick out your resume. Your resume is your biggest opportunity to frame your professional narrative. Rather than focus on what you don’t have, you can build your resume around what you do have (skills, experience, etc.). Â  You can also get started with one of our resume templates from our resume library. Resume templates are a great way to get started building your own resume with the right foundation.Next, the hunt itself. Where should you look, if you didn’t graduate high school? Let’s look at some of the best jobs for high school dropouts with the most potential:Heavy Truck DriverThe job: While many trucker job openings prefer a high schoo l diploma, the most important elements are the driver’s license (a Commercial Driver’s License, or CDL, is a must) and a clean driving record. Without a diploma or GED, you can still enroll in a training program to build the necessary skills and experience to get started.The pay: Median salary of $40,260 per year, or $19.36 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The need for construction workers is predicted to grow by about 5% by 2024.Home Health AideThe job: While this may not be the most glamorous job around, it can be a great way to get into the booming healthcare industry if you have an excellent bedside manner. Home health aides are responsible for visiting patients in their homes and providing help with daily activities like feeding, bathing, taking medicine, and mobility.The pay: Median salary of $21,920 per year, or $10.54 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The need for home health aides is predicted to grow by about 38% by 2024.Con struction WorkerThe job: If you’re good with your hands and can do heavy lifting, construction can be a lucrative career path with a lot of growth opportunity. Construction laborers may work for towns and cities, agencies, or private companies/contractors doing project-based labor.The pay: Median salary of $30,890 per year, or $14.85 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The need for construction workers is predicted to grow by about 13% by 2024.Food Service ManagerThe job: If you’re willing to put in your time in the food service trenches as an entry-level employee, getting on the managerial track is a solid opportunity for your future. It’s a field that is continually hiring even when others aren’t, in a tough economy.The pay: Median salary of $48,690 per year, or $23.41 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The need for home health aides is predicted to grow by about 5% by 2024.CosmetologistThe job: Who wouldn’t want to help make the world a more attractive place? Cosmetologists (which can include hairdressers and barbers) need to complete an accredited training and licensing program, but in many states you can do this while completing your GED at the same time.The pay: Median salary of $23,710 per year, or $11.40 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The need for construction workers is predicted to grow by about 13% by 2024.If you don’t have your diploma, don’t get discouraged. You have options- you just need to make sure you’re looking for the best opportunities that match your skills and your goals. TheJobNetwork is a great place to find the perfect opportunities that match your skills. You can even get the new job opportunities delivered to your email when they get posted, so you would never miss the right job. You can sign up here. Good luck!

The Three Restauranteers

The Three Restauranteers The Three Restauranteers The Three Restauranteers By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about a word that means â€Å"a person who owns and manages a restaurant†: I recently saw the term restauranteer on someones resume. Ive heard of musketeers, and even mountaineers; but I thought restauranteurs and connoisseurs were in a different category? The reader may be surprised to know that the Word spellchecker flags both restauranteer and restauranteurs as misspellings. The standard form is restaurateur. The suffix -eer is an Anglicized form of the French suffix -ier. It is used to form nouns denoting persons. For example, French canonnier gives English cannoneer; French muletier gives English muleteer. The usual sense of such nouns is â€Å"one who is concerned with† or â€Å"one who deals in.† Some French borrowings retain the -ier in English, for example bombardier, brigadier, cashier, clothier, courier, and chocolatier. The suffix -eur is a French suffix unchanged in English. Its usual use is to form agent nouns from verbs, for example: amateur, one who does something for the love of it. connoisseur (from Latin cognÃ… scÄ•re, â€Å"to know†), one who knows, especially about matters of taste. provocateur, one who provokes a disturbance. raconteur (from French raconter, â€Å"to recount, tell†), one who tells stories. restaurateur, one who owns and manages a restaurant. saboteur, one who commits sabotage. secateur, something that cuts. All three forms- restaurateur, restauranteur, and restauranteer- appear on the Ngram Viewer, but restauranteur is close to the bottom of the grid, and restauranteer is barely a blip. The Chicago Manual of Style points out that restauranteur may appear in some dictionaries without being an example of good usage. The Associated Press Stylebook lists restaurateur as the only spelling. The reader who asked the question also asks to know how to remember the correct spelling. Perhaps this will help: Restaurateur begins like restaurant, but does not include the n, and it ends with the suffix -teur. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowUse a Dash for Number RangesHow to Send Tactful Emails from a Technical Support Desk

Economic Value Added Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Value Added - Assignment Example There are two main types of financing for a business, debt and equity financing. When accountants calculate net income, they deduct the interest expense (which is the cost of the debt capital). However, the cost of the equity is not taken into account. Therefore, the net income exaggerates the ‘true’ net income in economic terms. This flaw is overcome by the EVA method. A positive EVA indicates that value is being created i.e. value of the company increases by that amount. On the other hand, a negative EVA indicates that value is decreased and the company is now worth less than the initial capital employed (which is the assets from which earnings for the year are generated). (Russell) A value of zero means a sufficient achievement because shareholders have earned a return that just compensates for their risk. The term â€Å"Operating Capital† used in the EVA formula on the last page accounts for the interest-bearing debt, preferred and the common stock used to acquire the company’s net operating assets. In easy terms, it is the capital which was used to acquire net plant and equipment plus the net current assets. EVA = (Operating capital) * (ROIC – WACC) i.e. a firm adds value if it’s ROIC – Return on Invested Capital is greater than the WACC – Weighted average Cost of Capital. However, if WACC goes beyond the ROIC, then new investments in the operating capital will actually reduce the firm’s value. EVA is an estimate of a business’s true economic profit for the year, and if differs sharply for accounting profit. Accounting profit is basically determined without imposing any charge for the cost of equity capital and is therefore an overstatement in economic terms. However, EVA determines the residual income after accounting for all the cost of capital (debt and equity both) and provides a much better performance measure to the stakeholders. Misra, Anil and Kanwal Anil. "Economic Value Added (EVA) as the most

News paper summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

News paper summary - Essay Example Its stock dropped by more than 5% in three months. It also reported of various cyber-attacks that it has received. Its shares have also dropped by 10% in 12 months that are contradictory to gains of a company such as NASDAQ Internet Index that increased by 31%. The drop seems to indicate that investors are raising questions concerning its future. Its revenue growth has remained stagnant for the past two years, and the scenario will be the same in coming years. The article, HP chairman Whitworth to Step Down to Focus on Health, is about HP management and in particular its chairman Mr. Whitworth. He has served on several US boards, but now wants to retire and concentrate on his health. He has lived with throat cancer since April 2013. Relational managers will be meeting soon to discuss on how to appoint a new chairman. It manages more than $ 6 billion and features prominently in shareholder activism. He joined the HP Company in 2011 when it was turmoil and led to its stability. Relational investors are more worried of his wealth than effect on the firm. The article, Real-Estate Investors See No Problem with Puerto Rico, points out at the deteriorating economic conditions at Puerto Rico and how real-estate investors are taking advantage of the situation. Property managers and private-equity firms are buying and developing luxurious and high-end hotels on the island. Property deals have up scaled by more than $ 1 billion. The investments bet on its turn around, tourist’s credit concerns, and changes to the tax code that withdraws tax on such investments. The hotel business is on the rise, and the valuations are level to those seen before the wake of the global recession. The article, S&P Weighs Restarting Talks on US Suit, is about Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services and its lawsuit with the Justice department. The company is on discussion and negotiations on penalties on the range of

What is the reason behind the success of Open Source Essay

What is the reason behind the success of Open Source - Essay Example For software to become popular there is need to have a large pool of users. Many users ensure that the software penetrates communities at a higher momentum which in turn creates a snowball effect. Open source software needs also to be compatible with the end users’ needs. It is important to note that consumers of software products need to be protected to a certain degree by developers. However, this liability is not that tight in open source programs. An example is Linux which comes with no warranty or liability clauses and consumers are forced at times to stay with their problems. This reduced obligation by the corporate in respect to functionality or failures of the system makes many engage in open source development. Again in the corporate scenario there are time limits within which problems need to be fixed in case of failures. Open source developers usually save on cost in this respect by having another party make changes or offer support at a small fee. An example of thi s arrangement is Linux and Red Hut. Licensing of open source receives relaxed regulations for example from Free Software Foundation. These regulations make it possible to integrate technical support from a pool of experts. Therefore, for an open source to be adopted by many, programmers are supposed to integrate their resources in bridging the gap of consumer needs. Source Management There is a great deal of difference when an individual develops software and when a pool of programmers develops the same. One person is highly likely to overlook many aspects that are necessary in making the software compatible with the needs of the end user. It is however a challenge to have many developers scattered all over the world doing parallel jobs but it is even worse when there are many development streams involved. This is the case with Linux where the support team is required to deal with various end user preferences all at the same time. In software development and fixing of bugs one chang e can lead to changes in many other segments of the system. This problem has however been simplified in the last decade or so owing to the availability of high speed internet connectivity at low cost for example the AOL (Rehman & Carleton University, 2006). This makes testing of changes faster and efficient. In overall, the free or low cost connection coupled with high speeds provide for the execution of real time changes. This in turn promotes usage and access for many people; both end users and programmers from around the world. Development Environment In developing open source three things are necessary; network, software and the hardware. It is a fact that more people today are able to access internet at the comfort of their homes than it was the case a decade ago. It is however important to note that programmers mostly require high speeds to do their job efficiently. Cable internet in many countries and expanded bandwidth per user, especially at home have hugely increased the n umber of developers. These two factors act as motivators for programmers to take their time to develop software. The hardware on the other hand has changed over the years. Pentium III has been replaced by Pentium IV and now Duo Core machines are in the market. The hardware efficiency and capability to handle huge tasks are other factors to consider. Developers not only require high internet speeds but also high speed machines. There are pieces of software that are more complex than others therefore requiring high speed machines with big hard drive; all of which are possible nowadays. These current capabilities are in line with the increasing sophistication in integrating software development. However, Eclipse IDE is an example of a facilitator which enables programmers to use various operating systems (Rehman & Carleton University, 2006). Through this technology developers are able to scan libraries for materials with increased flexibility and ease. Such software

Installation Art and Architecture Essay Example for Free

Installation Art and Architecture Essay Architecture has produced works that was revered, respected and something that captured the awe of the people for years. It was the source of something beautiful and even artistic. It was because of architecture that the likes of the Parthenon, as well as the other majestic palaces and cathedrals and other structures things that people have considered as artistic and beautiful was created and later enthroned in the annals of what is beautiful and what is artistic. Architecture has endured for years, but the growth of the practice of architecture also made it possible for the creation of other disciplines from which what is beautiful and artistic would be derived from. One of the things that were always placed side by side with architecture today, when it comes to the consideration of art and beauty inside space and location, is installation art. Over the years, installation art has become widespread and gained popularity. But the spread of installation art has one serious repercussion its act of intrusion in the realm of architecture, an act of intrusion that is not harmoniously creative but is sometimes destructive too. There maybe instances wherein the collaboration and fusion of architecture and installation art can produce something that exudes harmonized beauty and reflect certain artistic values and content. What captures the attention of professionals is how installation art appears to be more inclined in attacking the space and the features of architecture, either as part of its overall artistic outlook or just because this is a necessary characteristic for installation art to fully manifest itself. This has been an important point of argument since installation art has emerged. There are those who believe that the two disciplines exist in harmony together while there are those who believe otherwise. Because of this, the paper will try to discuss and analyse what the relationship is between installation art and architecture, how art invades architectural space, when and how art and architecture intersect and what will be the result of the collaboration of art and architecture. The Evolution of Installation Art Installation art, as the name implies, is all about a work of art that was installed in a particular place. It maybe a simple object or a collection of objects, that occupies very little space. It can be something a sight or visual cue that can make the audience feel as if they were transformed in another place because of the broadness of the reach, physically, of the installation art that a whole new environment was created because of installation art. There are many different components that may make up a work of art considered as installation art (since anything that can be installed in a place can be a part of installation art). From video presentations to exhibited photographs, sculpture and other artworks, these all contribute to make installation art what it is and to help installation art achieve its goal, and that is to transform a particular place in such a way that what was achieved was the experience and sensory cues that the artist(s) wanted or anticipated in the creation of installation art. Installation art, like any other art styles, genres and movements have beginnings in different countries and many places around the world proved amenable to the growth, patronage and continued development of installation art (Childs, Storry, 1999, p. 273). Considered as a genre or art movement that is still under the contemporary art era, installation art was felt as early as the seventies. A very good example of some of the earliest installation art include the latrine turned fountain by Marcel Duchamp entitled â€Å"Fountain†, a work of art that was controversial and sensational largely because of what it presented and the social taboos and conventions that it challenged during its release. Joining Duchamp as some of the earliest proponents of installation art includes Kurt Schwitters, as well as the Gutai group, an art group that was situated outside of the US and in Japan, and the American Allan Kaprow. These individuals are just some of the prominent individuals in installation art – browsing intensively through the history of installation art. Research would reveal several other individuals who participated in the establishment and growth of installation art around the world (Childs, Storry, 1999, p. 273). Kaprow was considered as one of the artists who helped guide the idea of installation art towards what it is today. He has postulated many different ideas that concretized the concept of installation art since its early years. Kaprows idea about environmental art contributed towards the development of installation art as how it is known today. By the start of the last two decades of the 20th century, installation art was already known in many parts of the world, including European countries (Childs, Storry, 1999, p. 273). The term installation art has been in common use since at least the mid-1980s and installations have become familiar sights in British museums and galleries in the 1990s (Childs, Storry, p273). Besides Kaprow, there is also the famous installation art pioneer, Ilya Kabakov, who was also instrumental in developing installation art. Together with Kaprow, Kabarov helped in bringing installation art closer to the people, as well as to the artists by using the academe and including installation art in what they teach in school so that students will understand installation art better and maybe even contribute to installation art in the future (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). Two of the key coiners of installation art are Allan Kaprow and Ilya Kabakov. Both artists not only made art installation but they also introduced the practice into academia (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). Kabakov and Kaprow and their role in the introduction of installation art in the consciousness of art students learning in the academe is instrumental in the growth of installation art, which , in one way brought installation art and architecture closer together. The idea behind the creation of the discipline that would be known as installation art lies on the belief of the artists that there are other ways that can be explored. The viewing experience of the people who are trying to appreciate art is something that the audience can experience, detect and maximize (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). The physical attributes of the place contributes in making the artistic exhibition what it was, therefore, bringing the artworks and the experience closer to the people and helping them identify with their selves better while being immersed in the art they are witnessing in installation art exhibits. Installation art attempts to reduce the boundaries between the viewer and the viewed and bring the artists ideas to a situation where they can be communicated more directly (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). From lifting from available materials, installation art experienced an important change when television and video recording was introduced. It allowed the artists more diversity in their works and allowed more ways and means for the artwork to be presented to the public. Because of this new technology, installation art was able to add a new dimension to itself. Today, video has been an integral part of installation art anywhere in the world. Artists, like Martin Firrell and Jenny Holzer, are some of the installation art specialists who are known to use the technologies, videos and digital presentation. Over time, the support for installation art, its ideas and the discipline, grew. Many entities like the Museum of Installation located in London, as well as the Mattress Factory in the United States, sounded their support for the growth of installation art as a separate and independent movement in the world of art. This is concretized by the growth of the artists immersed in this style. There are many installation art works to come out of England. One example is the work entitled Neon Rice Fields exhibited in 1993 by an artist from Vietnam who was already based in Great Britain named Vong Phaophanit (Childs, Storry, 1999, p. 273). This also signifies the relevance of the countries, too, that supported installation art. For example, the British prides itself with several artists, some of them are not even born in that country. However, because of the artistic atmosphere in the country, even foreign born artists are now based there because of how the country creates a local artistic community that is amenable for the art and the artists. Part of the development and evolution of installation art is the introduction of this particular art form in the academe. By being introduced to the academic world and being studied and used by professionals, it was a way of awarding installation art a sense of legitimacy in the art world, like giving it its rightful place in the world of art. And an important point in the discussion of the intersection of installation art and architecture can be seen in the discussion of installation art in the academe, although historians are not quite sure when this began (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). It is difficult to trace the exact history and point of departure for using installations in architectural education (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). Some observers believed that when installation art was introduced in the academe, it was placed inside the educational system for learning architecture, placing installation art as a part and not something greater than architecture. Notably, installation art was greatly embraced in the realm of architecture, even in the academic realm. Installation practice in architecture schools is growing both in undergraduate and diploma studies as well as postgraduate research (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p, 117). Role of Installation Art Installation art is here because of a particular reason; one of the reasons is the role which artists believe installation art has. Often, it is the role of message-sending, addressing issues that can be as broad as socio-political issues or even personal issues; the focus is on the individual and the realization of the individual/audience after being exposed to the installation art (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). â€Å"Some practice installation as urban interventions to question cultural or socio-political issues (Al-Qawasmi, De Velasco, 2006, p. 117). Here is an example. If you would one day happen to see a sculpture of an image of a polar bear sitting under a very small pack of ice placed on the sidewalk, placed there by the artist, it may mean that the artist is trying to send a socio-cultural message that is environmental in nature (i. e. tackling the issue of global warming and how the work of art represents the effects and changes that will happen to the planet if global warming remains unchecked and unresolved, and that would include the loss of natural habitats of animals in the polar regions and the displacement of animals inside locales they are not known to thrive in the first place). Another good example is the work of British artist Michael Landy. Landy became more popular after his Breakdown installation art which he held at the CA building located in London. He protested about consumerism through his art composed of installation and performance art that saw Landy bringing in his possessions on sight and burning it in front of the audience (Walford, 2001). Installation Art: Rise and Recognition The emergence of installation art as a specific discipline in the world of art has gained notable rise and earned the recognition of the authorities in the field of art. Today, there are many reputable organizations, as well as award giving bodies, that acknowledge installation art and their significance. For example, the Turner Prize shortlists have increasingly included such work (installation art) by British or British-based artists including Vong Phaophanit, Douglas Gordon and Rachel Whiteread (Childs, Storry, 1999, p. 273). These award giving bodies and the recognition that they give to installation art and the artists of installation art, helped cement the place of installation art. It also helped the artists in the local and international community, contributing to the growth of installation art. This is important in the rise and recognition of installation art. How Installation Art Invades Architectural Space Architecture thrived because there were available spaces that were transformed through the use of construction and the implementation of design and creation policies and concepts exclusive to architecture. Because of that, architecture cannot be considered as creating physical outputs that are intrusive towards existing objects that occupied space to where they would encroach. Architecture did not encroach because the buildings were made atop a land previously featureless. If there were any buildings before architectural efforts were made, it was considered as an act of improvement for the previously placed structure, which is made by architecture. Regardless of how old the type of architecture would be, still, it is architecture. The case is different with installation art because installation art places itself inside the design of architecture – designs which did not accommodate such features, and sometimes, will not accommodate such features. And when this happens, installation art invades architectural space. For example, public parks where installation arts are in place can be considered as an act of destroying the concept of what is beautiful. This is because an alien thing was added to the park, a feature that was not planned to be there in the first place, ergo giving the people the chance to redefine what a beautiful park is– was it the one with the installation art or the one without it? Even if installation artists argue that installation art has aesthetic value, design is not a simple mathematics of putting one beautiful thing inside another beautiful thing and the automatic result is a beautiful and artistic thing. Sometimes, the combination of two separate, beautiful and artistic things may not be a harmonious endeavour. The characteristic of one of the two will be affected by how the other will minimize, alter or damage the original state of the half of the two, making the union sometimes just beneficial to one and disastrous to the other. Installation Art, Architecture and Purpose An important aspect in the analysis of architecture and installation art and the times the two are intersecting each other and invading each others space is hinged on purpose the purpose of the artist and the purpose of the person who allowed the creation of the installation art or architecture (or both), which is usually the artists financier or benefactor. What is the purpose of the installation art and what is the purpose of architecture? This will take a long discussion starting with the origins of the two. Architecture was primarily created so that the creation of a functional structure (both permanent and temporary) can also feature aesthetics at the same time. However, the creation places more importance to functionality and usability than beauty and aesthetics. Installation art, on the other hand, is hinged strongly on artistic background. The focus of installation art is art itself and not functionality. Therefore, when the two collide in a single space, there is a fight between which should prevail in the space is it architecture and its functionality or installation art and it’s more artistic and aesthetic purpose? For those who give installation art a space, their main reason is its humanistic impact on the viewer art appreciation, and even detoxification from stress through the beauty in art. An ideal example is Spaceplace created by Maurice Agis and Peter Jones, which was created for its non-functional purpose and yet the artists believe that there is an important role of the installation art nonetheless. This is found in how the artwork impacts the audience, particularly in the personal level depending on how the artwork affects the audience/viewer (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). They are the first to admit that Spaceplace is more aesthetic than traditional functional; critics and observers believed that such was the case (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). The aim of Spaceplace was to create a new environment based on aesthetically controlled considerations rather than conventional functional issues (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). This is a clear differentiation of installation art and architecture. Spaceplace was purely installation art. The sole functionality of this is to affect the audience/people and not to be something that should be used in a manner that architectural works are utilized for their functionality. It may not be functional based on what â€Å"functional† is often understood (i. e. something that has practical use or something that is useful) but its effect on the audience/people is nonetheless important. Spaceplace is an installation that explored the relationship between simple rectangular forms in order to create abstract non-functional spaces that were related to the human body. The work was an attempt by the artists to provide a foil to the chaotic spaces of everyday human activity (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). The artists added that the other purpose of this particular installation art is to have the audiences sensory activity stimulated in a positive way (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). Often, architecture and installation art does not cross each others path. The invasion of the space allotted for the two are often separate, especially when there are spaces that are allotted for art works and there are spaces allotted for strictly architectural endeavors and works. For one, practical and functional creations are often delegated to architectural works; while installation art is often given space only inside art galleries which allots space for art forms like installation art and not to architecture. Take for example, Maurice Agiss Spaceplace it is an installation art that required the use of a large space. The art gallery gave them this space, therefore, making it unnecessary for the installation art to invade architectural spaces because they have their own space wherein they can showcase themselves. The installation therefore relied totally on the provision of a separate shelter environment in the form of gallery space (Kronenburg, 2003, p. 229). But this situation was actually met with negativity especially by the artists because the artists like Agis himself believes that confining the installation art in gallery spaces actually pushes the artworks farther from the public and the public experience, which was the main goal of the installation art in the first place.

Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers

In John Steinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, he uses Crooks to express loneliness because his character is a perfect example of how it was to be a black man. Steinbeck uses Crooks to show his readers what it was like to be lonely. Crooks is the loneliest in the novel because he has no one to talk and he is black.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crooks was introduced to the novel as just a black stable buck. Before his character appeared, the men talked about him as if he were a horse, and they made fun of him because he walked with a limp. He had a limp because he was kicked in the spine by a horse once. When he finally showed up, it was just to receive an order, and the way he did it seemed like he was a frightened animal, terrified of his owner’s whip. He had no one to talk to, no one to keep him company and no one to treat him like he was important. In chapter 4, Lennie goes into Crooks’ room and they start talking about being lonely. Crooks says to Lennie †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Books ain’t no good. A guy needs somebody ___ to be near him.’ He wined, ‘A guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody. Don’t make no difference who the guy is, long’s he’s with you’†(72). This shows you how lonely Crooks gets all by himself with nothing to do but re ad. Even though it seems like he is talking about any guy that is lonely, he is expressing what he feels inside. That is one of the many examples that shows how Crooks feels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the nineteen thirties, the Great Depression occurred. It was a time when money was scarce, lots of people lost their jobs and became poor, and sometimes homeless. Crooks did hard labor and obeyed every command given by the boss. If he lost his job, he would have no where to go. No one would hire anybody because of the money problem in that time, and if they did, it wouldn’t be a black man, let alone, a crippled black man. So Crooks was basically stuck in the same place for awhile, and he was without anybody to talk to. At least being a stable buck he had people around him most of the time. In chapter 4, Crooks and Lennie have a conversation about Crooks being a black.

Gender Bias in the courtroom Essay examples -- essays research papers

Although there have been many changes in our society concerning discrimination against one’s gender, there is still one area that has yet to change. If we take a man and a woman convicted of the same crime, it is very likely that the man will receive a more callous sentence. Since the beginning of the colonial era, 20,000 people have been lawfully executed in America, but only 400 of them have been women, including 27 who were found guilty of witchcraft. In the 23 years since the Supreme Court reinstated capital punishment, 5,569 total death sentences have been given out by courts, 112 to women. Of these 112, only one has been executed, compared with 301 men. Leigh Beinen, a Northwestern University law professor who studies the gender bias in capital cases nationwide, thinks the reason so few women face execution has to do with the symbolism that's central to the death penalty. She said, â€Å"Capital punishment is about portraying people as devils, but women are usually seen as less threatening." In 1977, Guinevere Garcia murdered her daughter, and later received a 10-year sentence for the killing. Four months after her release, she killed her husband during a robbery attempt. This time, the court imposed the death penalty. Garcia had refused to appeal her sentence, and opposed efforts to save her. Death penalty opponents turned to Illinois Gov. Jim Edgar who as a state legislator, voted to restore the death penalty. The facts of the case sway...

How you define the term ‘profit’ in terms of the changes that Hussain adopted to move one business to another Essay

Question 8: How you define the term ‘profit’ in terms of the changes that Hussain adopted to move one business to another? The term ‘profit’ that Hussain earned when he changed from one to another business is the result of success as he willing to take chances and risks. He started from zero and his creative business minds be the ladder of sucess to him. A lot of challenge that he had faced make he became a great entrepreneur nowaday. He had struggled very much to expand his business in other word to change and overcome his miserable circumstances. We can see the ‘profit’ that Hussain gained from his small business as chocolate’s hawker to became an entreprenuer is started with his first petty step. He started the business with selling chocolate at the market for the beginning of his business is because he want help his family. As the bread earner replaced his illness father, he must search income to support basic needs of the family. He is lucky because although oman’s economy grow at thelower level those day, his small business still growing faster. But, due to t he rising price index, he had difficulty to make ends meet. This difficulty had bring him to another business which gave him more profit than the profit of chocolate sale. He found a new avenues in business by started selling book. When he made a comparative analysis between the two product, chocolate and book, he realized that the percentage profit he gained by selling a book is very high than selling a chocolate. He use this good opportunity to change his business from a chocolate hawker to become a bookseller. So, he gained more profit. From this changes, we can see the ‘profit’ that he had gained by changing the product. Then, Hussain not longer selling chocolate. He focused to the book sale. He had found a new way of a profitable business by selling book. But, he faced difficulty to bring many book everyday and return with them the next day. This situation leads him to find the alternaltive to solve this problem. Finally, he got a brilliant idea. He make a decision to convert his late father’s steel workshop where are had rented to become a bookshop. He try to convince his uncle that idea and because his sophisticated way of looking at thing differently made his uncle proud and agree with him. So, husin managed to open his own bookshop and it became the first bookshop in the village. he was the sole book seller at his village and this situation had bring him to became a sucess book seller at the village. So, we can see the improvement that he had done by change the way  of his business from a book hawker to became an owner of bookshop. Hussain’s teacher had make he thought a new great idea. It started when his teacher gave him a mission to buy some gifts at the market. hussain brought the required gifts as his teacher order but with a cheaper price. Another teacher heard about that and asked him to do the same ones. This condition made he think that he should selling the same product as the teacher want. This idea bring him to provide products that were used as gifts such as pens, pencils, notebooks and other school’s needs. Since that, he became popular not only at his school but also in other schools. He able to explore more opportunity in businees by convinced the school to buy from his bookshop. So, from this we can see that he was success in converting the bookshop concept to became more wide concept. Hussain again change his business. He sold his bookshop with high price then he opened a new company. He established a new company for office supplies not far away from the bookshop. This is a good techniques for him as a alternative to reduce the cost at once increase the profit and income. Because the buyer of bookshop can not go through the business challenge, he failed and closed the bookshop permanently. Hussain closed the new office and reopened the bookshop. He relocated the office that he had closed in the bookshop for serving wholesale. But the bookshop still served individual customers. So, customer can buy from the bookshop and at the same time, the wholesale buyers can see the product and test them before placing order. He can reduce the cost facilitate his work. Finally, hussain succeeded to convert his bookshop into a big company for office supplies. With the new technology just entered the country made his work more easier. He started provide new office equipment suah as printers, photocopies and other related devices to the customers. Then, he became a major supplier of various stationery and office suplies. His company was developed with very advanced and he became an icon for leadership and entrepeneurial fields. We can see the high profit that hussain gained when he convert his bookshop into a big company. For the conclusion, from this case, Hussain who is the Sultanate of Oman have proved that hardship make people stronger. He proved that people can earned more profit if they are wise in taking opportunity and willingness to take risks in business.

Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Example

Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Example Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Paul Bennet works as portion of the Apostolic Church, now known in New Zealand as the ACTS motion. ACTS covers over 60 churches in New Zealand and has been established since 1934. The ACTS churches provide a bible based, Pentecostal environment for people to turn and link with Jesus Christ. Therefore go and make adherents of all the states, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, and learning them to obey everything I have commanded you. And certainly I am with you ever, even to the terminal of the age. ( P1100, Women s Devotional Bible, NIV ) . What is the ACTS motion making? Planting and edifice Churches committed to populating out the cardinal rules of the Gospel. Making an environment for the release of new apostolic enterprises with the accent being on new churches being founded and webs being developed within the apostolic motion. Adding value to local churches so they can be more effectual in making this coevals with the love of God. Partnering together with other ministries so they can be more effectual ( ACTs Movement. 2009 ) . What are the beliefs of the ACTS motion? God is raising an ground forces of laborers who are focused and committed. They have a simple trust in the power and anointment of God. They are ordinary people who believe in an extraordinary God ( ACTs Movement. 2009 ) . What do they populate for? The cause of Jesus Christ. A sense of mission and fate Structure of the ACTS Movement National Leadership Team National Leader Bruce Monk Equippers Church Hawkes Bay Lyle Peninsula Equippers Church Auckland Sam Monk South Life Church Dunedin Paul Bennett Vision Churchs Nick Klindenbery Invercargill Christian Centre Ian Wright Figure 1 National Office Staff Executive Manager Administrator Office Manager Figure 2 South Life Church Mission Statement We are people populating to see many others turn and follow Jesus. SouthLife Church believe that it is non about run intoing up on Lords daies for church services but about sharing their lives during the hebdomad and doing life together ( South Life Church, 2010 ) . Statement of Belief As a church we believe in: The one true and living God who everlastingly exists in three individuals in integrity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit. The Godhead inspiration and authorization of the Holy Scriptures. The original flawlessness of creative activity ; the built-in corruptness of humanity through the Fall ; the necessity of penitence and regeneration by grace and through religion in Christ entirely, and the ageless separation from God of the eventually impenitent. The virgin birth, impeccant life, expiating decease, exultant Resurrection, Ascension and go oning intercession of our Lord Jesus Christ, His 2nd approaching and ageless Kingdom reign. The justification and sanctification of trusters through the finished work of Christ, their security as they remain with Him, and their future Resurrection in an incorruptible organic structure. The sacraments of baptism by submergence and of the Lord s Supper. The baptism of the Holy Spirit for trusters with supernatural marks, authorising the Church for its mission in the universe. The gifts of the Holy Spirit for the edifice up of the Church and ministry to the universe. Christ s leading of the Church through the Ascension ministries of apostles, Prophetss, revivalists, curates and instructors, for the integrity, adulthood and growing of the Church. As taken from www.southlife.org.nz Figure 3 Background on Paul Bennett Leadership Position Senior Pastor in a criterion concern he would be the Chief Executive Officer. Curate Paul has been in his present place since 2001, a sum of nine old ages. Duties Oversing the ministry and pastoral attention in and out of church is the footing of this place. Pastoral attention is about constructing trust and apprehension within the community and administrating to those in demand ( Diocesan School of Girls ) . This is a duty that is shared among staff and it is besides a manner of networking within the community although that is a side benefit. Ministry covers distributing the Gospel, and supervising three folds South Life, Taieri Life and Clutha Life. A batch of clip is spent in run intoing with staff and national squad members that there is an answerability factor to. Staff meetings non merely include work related issues but encompass debriefing Sessionss where advocate is offered in countries of challenge to the person. Curate Paul plots the projections for the undermentioned twelvemonth in countries such as where the church is heading, staffing issues and degrees, capable stuff for discourses and learning subjects. This takes up a batch of clip as does the legion meetings ( Bennett, 2010 ) . Accountability Paul Bennett is straight responsible to the ACTs Movement, there is a supervisor assigned to the church debriefing one time a month. Elders within the church besides meet with Pastor Paul one time a month to travel over fundss and see any suggestions that may be raised. Previous Leadership Roles Previous leading functions include being captain of the football squad, Foreman, freelance with staff, Youth Pastor and Associate Pastor. Curate Paul commented that he has ever been a leader. Leadership Style Curate Paul considers himself to be the Dad , he envelops the sense of a household concern. The penchant is to walk aboard people, nevertheless, he is rather able to call the shootings if need be. He does nt believe in forcing people along in their functions, preferring to discourse and brainstorm. Depending on who he is covering with, his manner of leading can alter, for illustration with one individual he may hold a treatment and make a common determination whereas with person else they may necessitate more way. This manner has been adopted because of Pastor Paul s belief in household. He believes that by following a household type atmosphere the staff will purchase into a greater ownership of their outlooks and duties. Examples of Leadership manner An illustration of where this manner of leading has worked good can be seen in the age group of the church South Life is based in the thick of the pupil country of Dunedin and the fold reflects this as they have an eventide service aiming the pupils specifically which is good attended. Their young person curates are besides a good illustration of the leading manner working good as they treat the church like place and are hold oning leading enthusiastically giving it a spell . Where the leading manner has possibly worked non so good would likely be in Pastor Pauls ain age group and older. This is due possibly to the you ca nt state me what to make and the convince me type attitudes of the older coevalss. The other factor at times is some people merely do nt wish his manner of taking and there is nil that is traveling to alter their heads. The worst incident that could be recalled is where a parishioner ended up shouting at him and doing baseless accusals in the heat of the minute. The Theory of Servant Leadership TDIndustries ( TDI ) believe that servant leaders are active hearers. Their basic values use to all facets of their concern and lives. They are an American installation that specialises in mechanical building ; the company is an first-class illustration of servant leading in action within the profit-making sphere of concern. It is besides based on the same criterions as an administration such as the church. Paul Bennett touched on all facets in some signifier and this adds weight to the belief that this signifier of leading manner works good. Although on the surface Pastor Paul appeared to be a collaborative leader when fiting up the features of servant leading it became clear this was the class that applied ( Gavin A ; Mason, 2004 ) . TDI based their whole concern around this construct and have turned it into a multi-million dollar venture with their ain employees puting to a great extent. TDIndustries Valuess Concern for and belief in Individual Human Beings Valuing Individual Differences Honesty Constructing swearing relationships Fairness Responsible Behaviour High Standards of concern moralss They besides believe in Long-run ends Continuous intense people and development attempts, including significant developing budgets. Investing in tools, equipment and installations that enable us to better carry through their mission. Fig 4 Taken from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tdindustries.com/AboutUs/overview.aspx Contrasting Business Entity When asked if he would make anything otherwise if he was working for a high profile company like MacDonald s, Pastor Paul was rather inexorable that he would non. He believes staff should experience like a portion of the procedure and a portion of the solutions. His belief sees the church as being no different to a concern as ownership is of import. When households represent the parents they try to make good, and Pastor Paul would desire his workers to make the same to hold a sense of ownership and belonging. Environment of Change When asked about how good he deals with issues like altering beliefs ( that is, political rightness ) , altering engineering and statute law Pastor Pauls attitude was comparatively positive. Technology is embraced if there is a benefit to be had out of it and there is person to learn how to utilize it. Political rightness is understood but non ever agreed with, sometimes its usage is helpful but sometimes it is non. Quotation mark: Political rightness gets in the manner of truth and solution. Curate Paul Bennett, 2010. Legislation is over managed and there is a inclination for direction to go a albatross around administrations. He believes that it is frequently a reactionist procedure. Effectss of alteration on leading When covering with alteration in his leading function Pastor Paul mentioned the followers: We need to be solutions non hinderances or victims. There is a demand to be progressive. What does it look like? What will the alteration really do, seek visualizing the alterations it will intend. He does non wish some alterations but it does non bug him and he does non believe he tends to be reactionist in response. Changes are dealt with better due to the leading manner he has adopted but he believes if it ai nt broke make nt repair it but if you are making something that is non utile that is working allow us repair it . An illustration of this last statement would be the Missions Board that was in pattern when he took over his function as Senior Pastor. Although the church was involved in missions the fold had no apprehension of what it was. The existent mission work was successful because it was non understood. The missions board was disbanded and another set up in due class with the folds more straight involved. Serrat ( 2009 ) believes that leading is hard as it must center on the challenge of alteration . Transformational alteration does non come easy ; there are many issues that are value-laden that have to be considered. These issues include truenesss and struggles. Exerting leading is about adaptative alteration being encouraged as opposed to proficient alteration that is addressed on a day-to-day footing. A consequence of this type of alteration can be stress or instability while the version is in advancement. Abraham Lincoln made a celebrated address on 19 November 1863 known as the Gettysburg Address. His concluding words as he dedicated the battleground as a national graveyard are still impacting today as a definition for the kernel of democracy by many. aˆÂ ¦government of the people, by the people, for the people . Abraham Lincoln, 1863, Gettysburg Address. This is a similar construct to the ACTS Movement with their linking people, associating churches, associating states belief. Therefore it is logical to put them in this class of servant leading. In fact, in the motions ain belief this is where they see themselves ( Serrat, 2009 ) . Servant leading is frequently linked with distributed leading which is an attack that views taking as a societal contract. The accent moves from making leaders to developing leaderful administrations. The construct envelops way giving, a less formal leading, handling taking as an activity that is shared by more than one leader and fostering the growing of leading abilities in others ( Serrat, 2009 ) . There are surely elements of this within the SouthLife Church when the disposal within the church is looked at. There is an Executive Curate who deals with the majority of the finance. An administrator trades with a assortment of undertakings which includes bulk mail and travel agreements. There is a portion clip receptionist who does typing but besides helps out in multiple countries when needed. There are in entire, four full clip staff, five portion clip, four voluntaries and five housemans. The encouragement the squad is given can surely be seen as distributed leading as they are frequently given duties that stretch their abilities. Without a societal contract this growing would non be possible. Challenges in leading The challenges Pastor Paul faces in his function are dissatisfactory people, excessively much administrative work, countries that may impact others in a large manner and at times conflict. Before traveling into a state of affairs affecting struggle he will seek and visualize the result so he can outdo make up ones mind how to manage the issue. Additional Thoughts on Leadership Curate Paul believes there are people born to take and people that are non. If you know you are non a natural leader make non travel at that place nevertheless if you know you are put everything you have into it. He stresses that it must be remembered that there are degrees of leading and that his belief in no manner reflects on those in in-between direction. This belief of leading is reflected on a personal degree every bit good with the remark being made that you have to be a leader of your ain life and you need to pull off yourself good. When asked what leading means to him, Pastor Paul said that it is the difference between life and decease, in the instance of the church if it is non lead well it will decease. He added that a batch of churches are non led good and have dropped off and that sometimes systems do nt let leading. Other manners of leading Modern twenty-four hours analysis has created multiple classs of leading manners. Many features cross over doing it difficult to nail a unequivocal remarkable manner. Larue ( 2004 ) believes few leaders use one manner. In the church environment statistics show more than half of curates consider shepherding and span edifice to their leading manners when given a list to choose from. It is this writers belief that although they can be considered manners in their ain right they both come under the covering of servant leading. A inclination illustrated by a figure of cross-cultural surveies show a stronger fond regard by leftists to their administrations. On probe thefreedictionary.com web site defined Bolshevism as a way that characterizes the thought of a group or state. Interpersonal relationships take precedence over occupation cognition and accomplishments. In contrast people in individualistic civilizations look to satisfying their ain ego involvement as the drive force. Transactional leadings tend to fulfill this outlook as it focuses on short term ends intending speedy satisfaction ( Jung A ; Avolio, 1999 ) . Karlene Kerfoot ( 2007 ) believes that when a groups societal values are non considered a leader can sabotgge their effectivity. The first measure in assisting move public presentation to a higher degree is being able to place the groups societal individuality. The best work is accomplished by those making precisely that every bit good as edifice on a shared vision.